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	<title>Pharmaceutical Policy Consulting</title>
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	<description>Essential Insight on Pharmaceutical Policy</description>
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		<title>Mori and Robberstad paper on pharmacoeconomics in Tanzania</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/954</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/954#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Oct 2012 15:40:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[developing countries]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[medicines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pharmacoeconomics]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Amani Thomas Mori and Bjarne Robberstad&#8217;s <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23016739" target="_blank">paper </a>on pharmacoeconomics in Tanzania is a great contribution.</p> <p>In part, it addresses a generally held hypothesis that pharmacoeconomic studies are impossible in Tanzania and comparable countries because no data is available with which to conduct such analyses. Mori et al clearly demonstrate that researchers have overcome [...]]]></description>
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		<title>New information on the thalidomide case of the 1960s</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/946</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/946#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Jul 2012 20:44:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Below is new information on how Grunenthal (in Germany) knew of thalidomide&#8217;s harmful effects on foetuses before the medicine was ban in 1961. This evidence dismantles the long-held belief that birth defects were an &#8220;unforeseeable tragedy&#8221; and that Grunenthal&#8217;s &#8221;actions were consistent with the state of scientific knowledge and prevailing standards of the 1950s&#8221;. As [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Gender and Medicines Use Among Adults with Chronic Illnesses in South Africa: A Human Rights Perspective</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/941</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/941#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Jul 2012 20:12:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Abstract of the PhD dissertation defended by João Carapinha on July 18, 2012.</p> <p>The Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms an individual’s right to health and essential medicines are a crucial element in improving health. Part of South Africa’s extensive legislative framework promotes medicines access and use, and since the first democratic elections in 1994, key [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/938</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/938#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2012 14:47:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[WHO Publication: &#8220;Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water&#8221; &#8220;In the last decade, traces of pharmaceuticals, typically at levels in the nanograms to  low  micrograms  per  litre  range,  have  been  reported  in  the  water  cycle, <a href="http://www.carapinha.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Pharmaceuticals-in-Drinking-Water1.png"></a>including  surface  waters,  wastewater,  groundwater  and,  to  a  lesser  extent, drinking-water.  Advances  in  analytical  technology  have  been  a  key  factor driving their increased [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Moving the Agenda of the Social Determinants of Health towards Rio+20</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/933</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/933#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Jun 2012 15:51:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://new.paho.org/equity/index.php?option=com_content&#38;task=view&#38;id=116&#38;Itemid=1926">Online Seminar</a></p> <p>Wednesday June 6th 2012</p> <p>Time: 12:00 am &#8211; 1:30 pm &#8211; EDT ( Washington, DC USA)</p> <p> “….In this seminar Sir/Professor Michael Marmot, Director of the Institute ofHealth Equity and MRC Research Professor in Epidemiology, University College London (UCL) and former Chair of the Commission on the Social Determinants of Health will present his work on the social determinants [...]]]></description>
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		<title>US FDA may impose huge drug user fee on generic imports soon, India to hit badly</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/926</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/926#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 May 2012 15:50:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Below follows news of measures by the US Congress to levy considerable fees on the importation of generic medicines. The proposed Act will most likely lead to reduced generic medicine competition resulting in artificially high generic medicine prices. However, if the US FDA improves its medicine approval times, the fees contemplated in the Act may [...]]]></description>
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		<title>South African Professionals Considering Emigrating</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/925</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/925#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 May 2012 21:40:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Observations]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Results from a recent survey by the Professional Provident Society of South Africa, (www.pps.co.za) reports that South African professionals are considering emigrating. The survey focused on specific occupations &#8211; chartered accountants, engineers, doctors, dentists, pharmacists, attorneys, advocates and other graduate professionals. Graduates are concerned about crime, healthcare and education as reasons for emigrating. Some of the [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Mahatma Gandhi, was he a racist?</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/920</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/920#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 May 2012 20:28:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Observations]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.carapinha.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Mask-of-Divinity1.png"></a></p> <p>Much of what we know from history about Gandhi relates to his practice of Satyagraha as a method to passively liberate India from the clutches of British imperialism. Little is known about his 20 year history of living in South Africa. That is until an extensive research in this area was published by [...]]]></description>
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		<title>A Cross-Country Study of Health and Well-Being of the Older Populations in SAGE Countries</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/914</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/914#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 20:17:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The world’s population is aging, primarily as a function of declining fertility, coupled with increasing life expectancy. Aging is occurring not only in high-income countries but in middle- and low-income countries as well. Moreover, the speed of aging in middle- and low-income countries will outpace that of the high-income countries (Kinsella and He, 2009). Although [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Health Policy and Systems Research in the field of Access to Medicines in low- and middle-income countries.</title>
		<link>http://www.carapinha.com/910</link>
		<comments>http://www.carapinha.com/910#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 20:04:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>joao.carapinha</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceutical Policy]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Call for Expressions of Interest <p>&#8220;This call aims to explore the connections between medicines and three other functions of health systems: health financing, governance and health information. &#8221;</p> <p><a href="http://www.carapinha.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/EOI.jpg"></a>Priority-research questions include the following:<br /> - In risk protection schemes, which innovations and policies improve equitable access to and appropriate use of quality medicines, sustainability [...]]]></description>
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